It’s no longer enough for a blockchain to look good on paper. Real-world usage, from DeFi transactions to payments and gaming, exposes the gaps between a protocol’s ambitions and its real-world capabilities.Blockchains that once boasted high throughput often buckle under the pressure of peak demand, with slow confirmation times, rising fees, or outright network failures. For developers building consumer-facing apps, that kind of friction can be a dealbreaker. That’s why the race among Layer 1s h